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Journal Article 1 Mention
Understanding AWE: Can a Virtual Journey, Inspired by the Overview Effect, Lead to an Increased Sense of Interconnectedness?
Ekaterina R. Stepanova2019
Denise QuesnelBernhard E. Riecke
Top 5% · 95th percentile
54 citations · Literature and Literary Theory
Open Access

TLDR

A virtual reality journey inspired by astronauts' view of Earth can make people feel more connected to nature and each other, but the effects are small and depend on personal background and how safe or comfortable people feel during the experience.

Summary

1 Study Aim

The main aim of this study is to find out if a virtual reality (VR) experience, designed to evoke awe and inspired by the Overview Effect (the powerful sense of unity astronauts feel when viewing Earth from space), can help people feel more interconnected with nature and others. The researchers also want to understand which parts of the VR journey are most important for creating these feelings and how the design of the experience shapes participants' emotional and cognitive responses. Simply put: The study wants to see if a special VR trip can help people feel more connected to the world and each other.

2 Study Design

The researchers created an immersive VR installation called 'AWE' (Awe-inspiring Wellness Environment), which guides participants through virtual environments like a forest, a lake, and outer space. Thirteen participants, all with experience in interactive technology, took part in the study. They wore a VR headset and a camera to detect goosebumps (a sign of awe), and completed an Implicit Association Test (IAT) to measure their sense of connection to nature. After the VR journey, participants were interviewed using two methods: cued-recall debrief (watching a recording of their experience) and micro-phenomenological interviews (focusing on specific moments). The study mainly used qualitative analysis of interview data, supported by the physiological and IAT measures. Simply put: People tried a special VR trip, and researchers asked them how it felt and checked if they felt more connected to nature.

3 Findings

The study reveals that the 'AWE' VR experience can trigger some feelings of awe and small shifts in how participants see themselves in relation to nature and the world, similar to the Overview Effect. Most participants reported curiosity, wonder, and moments of excitement, but also some fear or discomfort, especially during unfamiliar or challenging parts of the journey. Feeling safe and starting in a familiar environment helped people open up to the experience. The sense of interconnectedness was measured as moderate for most, but only one participant showed a clear physiological sign of awe (goosebumps). Personal background, such as past experiences with nature or technology, strongly influenced how each person reacted. The study suggests that VR can support transformative experiences, but the effects are subtle and depend on thoughtful design and individual differences. More research and improved VR setups are needed to create deeper, more reliable feelings of awe and connection. Simply put: The VR trip made some people feel more connected and amazed, but the effects were small and varied from person to person.

Abstract

Immersive technology, such as virtual reality, provides us with novel opportunities to create and explore affective experiences with a transformative potential mediated through awe. The profound emotion of awe, that is experienced in response to witnessing vastness and creates the need for accommodation that can lead to restructuring of one's worldview and an increased feeling of connectedness. An iconic example of the powers of awe is observed in astronauts who develop instant social consciousness and strong pro-environmental values in response to the overwhelming beauty of Earth observed from space. Here on Earth, awe can also be experienced in response to observing vast natural phenomenon or even sometimes in response to some forms of art, presenting vast beauty to its audience. Can virtual reality provide a new powerful tool for reliably inducing such experiences? What are some unique potentials of this emerging medium? This paper describes the evaluation of an immersive installation "AWE" – Awe-inspiring Wellness Environment. The results indicate that the experience of being in "AWE" can elicit some components of awe emotion and induce minor cognitive shifts in participant's worldview similar to the Overview Effect, while this experience also has its own attributes that might be unique to this specific medium. Comparing the results of this study to other virtual environments designed to elicit Overview Effect provides insights on the relationship between design features and participant's experience. The qualitative results highlight the importance of perceived safety, personal background and familiarity with the environment, and the induction of a small visceral fear reaction as a part of the emotional arc of the virtual journey – as some of the key contributers to the affective experience of the immersive installation. Even though the observed components of awe and a few indications of cognitive shift support the potential of Virtual Reality as a transformative medium, many more iterations of the design and research tools are required before we can achieve and fully explore a profound awe-inspiring transformative experience mediated through immersive technologies.

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