Journal Article 2 Mentions
Epidemiology of Infantile Autism
Darold A. Treffert1970
Top 4% · 96th Percentile
242 citations · Cognitive Neuroscience

TLDR

The study counted children with autism and related conditions across Wisconsin rather than relying on one clinic. It showed that autism was diagnosed in fewer than one child per 10,000 children at that time.

Summary

1 Study Aim

The authors aimed to measure the incidence (newly identified cases) and prevalence (all identified cases) of childhood schizophrenia and infantile autism among Wisconsin children aged 12 and under. They also sought to compare these cases with earlier reports using descriptive features. The study aimed to establish how often these conditions appeared across an entire state population.

2 Study Design

The research used a retrospective case review, meaning the authors examined existing medical and service records. They identified nonduplicated cases seen or treated from 1962 to 1967 across Wisconsin mental-health clinics, hospitals, residential facilities, schools, diagnostic centers, and university hospitals. The reported population included 899,750 children aged 3 to 12. Autism cases were assessed using Kanner criteria, an early clinical definition of autism. The researchers combined records from many services to count affected children across Wisconsin.

3 Findings

The study reported an infantile autism prevalence of about 0.7 per 10,000 children. The available source also reports 280 children aged 3 to 12 who received a DSM-II diagnosis of childhood schizophrenia, an older psychiatric classification. The authors created a broad clinical sample for comparing characteristics across settings and earlier studies. Because identification depended on children reaching participating services, the estimate reflects recognized cases, not necessarily every affected child. The results showed that autism was considered very uncommon in Wisconsin during the study period.

Abstract

IN SPITE of intense research activity and interest in childhood schizophrenia and early infantile autism, there has been little attention paid to the actual incidence or prevalence of these disorders. Most accounts have been anecdotal or have been reported from a single institution or from a single author's caseload and experience. This study seeks to identify the incidence and prevalence of childhood schizophrenia and infantile autism in an entire state population age 12 and under by identifying nonduplicated cases coming to attention or under treatment for a five-year period (1962 to 1967) in Wisconsin's community mental health clinics, state and county mental hospitals, colonies, and training schools, Children's Diagnostic Center, Children's Treatment Center, and University Hospitals. These cases then form a large sample from a variety of clinical settings for comparison with previously reported studies on descriptive parameters such as

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