Journal Article 2 Mentions
Social Media and Mental Health
Luca Braghieri2022
Roee LevyAlexey Makarin
Top 1% · 99th Percentile
504 citations · Sociology and Political Science

TLDR

When Facebook became available at colleges, students' mental health got worse and their schoolwork suffered more because of it.

Summary

1 Study Aim

The study aims to measure how the introduction of Facebook, a social media platform, affected the mental health of college students. The authors want to understand if gaining access to Facebook changed how often students experienced mental health problems and whether it made it harder for them to do well in school. The study wants to find out if getting Facebook made college students feel worse and struggle more with their studies.

2 Study Design

The researchers use a natural experiment created by the staggered (gradually timed) rollout of Facebook at different US colleges. They combine this timing with data on student mental health from before and after Facebook became available at each college. The main method is a generalized difference-in-differences approach (a statistical technique that compares changes over time between groups with and without the new experience). This design helps them estimate the effect of Facebook by comparing colleges that got Facebook earlier to those that got it later. The study compares mental health before and after Facebook arrived at different colleges to see if there was a change.

3 Findings

The study reveals that when Facebook became available at a college, students' mental health declined. The authors report that students were more likely to say their mental health problems hurt their academic performance after Facebook's introduction. The research demonstrates that these negative effects are likely caused by Facebook encouraging students to compare themselves to others in ways that make them feel worse. The authors suggest that social media can have harmful effects on mental health and school success, especially when it leads to negative social comparisons. Students felt worse and did worse in school after Facebook arrived, probably because it made them compare themselves to others more.

Abstract

We provide quasi-experimental estimates of the impact of social media on mental health by leveraging a unique natural experiment: the staggered introduction of Facebook across US colleges. Our analysis couples data on student mental health around the years of Facebook’s expansion with a generalized difference-in-differences empirical strategy. We find that the rollout of Facebook at a college had a negative impact on student mental health. It also increased the likelihood with which students reported experiencing impairments to academic performance due to poor mental health. Additional evidence on mechanisms suggests the results are due to Facebook fostering unfavorable social comparisons. (JEL D91, I12, I23, L82)

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