Summary
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1 Sample Definition And Size
This paper is a historical review of Einstein’s 1917 static model of the universe. It does not involve empirical subjects or sample sizes; rather, it analyzes and interprets Einstein’s original 1917 paper and its historical context. The review covers the original work and responses by contemporaries such as de Sitter, Friedman, and Lemaître. No quantitative sample size applies. ([doi.org](https://doi.org/10.1140/epjh/e2017-80002-5))
2 Study Type
Historical review (centennial review) of a foundational theoretical paper in cosmology. ([doi.org](https://doi.org/10.1140/epjh/e2017-80002-5))
3 Conflicts Of Interest
No conflicts of interest are declared in the accessible metadata. ([doi.org](https://doi.org/10.1140/epjh/e2017-80002-5))
4 Results Summary
Key findings include: a guided, paragraph-by-paragraph analysis of Einstein’s 1917 paper; discussion of Einstein’s views on inertia, spatial curvature, and the cosmological constant; identification of Einstein’s failure to test the model observationally, neglect of stability considerations, and a mathematical oversight regarding the cosmological constant; review of responses by de Sitter, Friedman, and Lemaître; and consideration of the relevance of Einstein’s static universe in modern emergent cosmologies. ([doi.org](https://doi.org/10.1140/epjh/e2017-80002-5))