Popular Boards
A J Wakefield, SH Murch, Anthony A. Attama | The Lancet | (1998)
Key Takeaways
Sample Definition And Size
The study was a case series involving 12 children (mean age approximately 6 years, range 3–10 years; 11 boys and 1 girl) who were consecutively referred to a pediatric gastroenterology unit with a history of normal development followed by loss of acquired skills (including language) and gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea and abdominal pain ([pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9500320/?utm_source=openai)).
Study Type
This was an observational case series study, involving clinical, developmental, neurological, gastroenterological assessments, imaging, endoscopy with biopsy, and laboratory investigations in a consecutive series of 12 children ([pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9500320/?utm_source=openai)).
Conflicts Of Interest
The paper was later retracted due to ethical and methodological concerns, including undisclosed conflicts of interest. Investigations revealed that Wakefield had received payment from lawyers preparing litigation against vaccine manufacturers, which was not disclosed in the publication ([yuobserver.org](https://yuobserver.org/2017/01/the-fallacy-of-the-mmr-autism-link/?utm_source=openai)).
Results Summary
Key findings included: histological evidence of patchy chronic inflammation in the colon in 11 of 12 children and reactive ileal lymphoid hyperplasia in 7 of 12; behavioral diagnoses included autism in 9 children, disintegrative psychosis in 1, and possible postviral or vaccinal encephalitis in 2; significantly raised urinary methylmalonic acid compared with age-matched controls (p = 0.003); low hemoglobin in 4 children; low serum IgA in 4 children; MRI and EEG were normal; no granulomas were observed ([pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9500320/?utm_source=openai)).
Abstract
No abstract available
Referenced In
Created: Apr 6, 2025